When the nervous system is on the fritz, it can lead to a wide range of consequences. Some of the experiences that those with ADHD may have as a result often revolve around difficulty in getting this system balanced.
Here are some of the experiences they may face:
1. Difficulty Relaxing
Individuals with ADHD often struggle to enter a calm, restful state. This is partly because their parasympathetic system, which helps the body relax (lowering heart rate, promoting digestion, etc.), tends to be under-active. This makes it harder for them to wind down, especially in stressful situations.
2. Restlessness and Fidgeting
ADHD can cause people to feel physically restless, constantly needing to move or fidget. This happens because their parasympathetic system isn’t kicking in to help them feel calm and settled, leading to continuous physical and mental agitation.
3. Difficulty Falling Asleep
Many people with ADHD have trouble falling asleep, as the under-active PNS makes it difficult to relax at bedtime. They often feel mentally "wired," even when they are physically tired.
4. Hyperactivity and Impulsivity
The balance between the sympathetic (fight-or-flight) and parasympathetic systems is disrupted in ADHD, leading to an inability to calm down after periods of excitement or stimulation. This can make hyperactivity and impulsivity more pronounced, especially in stimulating environments.
5. Increased Sensitivity to Stress
People with ADHD may feel more reactive to stress because their PNS isn’t as effective at counteracting the stress response. This makes it harder for them to calm down in stressful situations, leading to heightened anxiety or agitation.
6. Hypo-arousal at Rest
At rest, individuals with ADHD can experience hypo-arousal, where they feel mentally disengaged or under-stimulated. This is linked to reduced parasympathetic activity, contributing to their difficulty staying calm or focused during restful periods.
7. Struggles with Sustained Attention
ADHD individuals may find it hard to maintain attention during tasks that require focus, partly because their parasympathetic system isn’t helping to regulate their body’s arousal levels, making it difficult to stay engaged without external stimulation.
As you can see, a parasympathetic nervous system out of whack can lead to wide-ranging impacts that significantly interfere with daily life.